Data published by WHO indicates global progress in reducing the nursing workforce shortage - from 6.2 million in 2020 to 5.8 million in 2023 but deep regional disparities remain. Low-income countries are increasing nurse graduate output at a faster rate than high-income countries; however, these countries are also experiencing higher levels of nurse migration. In addition, the global nursing workforce is relatively young: 33% of nurses are aged under 35 years, 19% of nurses